Shipping industry plays an important
role in the development of Indian economy. Some 90 % of trade of the country
passes through sea lances. The country has one of the largest fleet among the
developing countries. Many foreign shipping companies are operated by Indiana.
The many foreign ships plying in Indian waters are operated by Indian crew members.
The sea trade is being carried out from
western side and eastern side ports of the Indian peninsula. The crude oil and
petroleum imports from the west Asian countries are handled by the ports
located on the western shore of India. The location of largest oil refinery in
the world, on the Gujarat coast ensures that bulk of the oil imports are taken
by the ports in the areas. The eastern shore ports are gateway to the look east
policy of the country. These ports maintain link with south East Asian country
and beyond Japan, china and Korea. There are at least 55 shipping companies in
the trading field, out of which 29 sail beyond the sea frontier of Indian and
only 19 deals with costal trade. Some companies operate in both domestic and
foreign trade. Both government and private shipping companies take part in
foreign trade.
Generally the shipping is used for the
transportation of bulk cargo, oil, petroleum products and agriculture produce.
This is the type of cargo which cannot be transported by any other mode of
transport
The Indian shipping corporation over the
decades has developed many other facilities besides supporting national and
international shipping cargoes. The facilities are, ship repairing, ship building, International
Relocation Service in Mumbai light houses facilities, freight forwarding etc. To
face the competition from foreign companies in both shipping cargoes and port
handling facilities, the Indian shipping corporation with the help provided by
government of India, has installation modern cargo loading and unloading machines
in major ports on both coasts of Indian.
These modern loading facilities
ensure that time of loading is reduced and more and more ships can be served.
The coal loading facilities at Vishakhapatnam ports, installed in initial more than
a decade ago has considerably reduced coal loading time with improved efficiency.
After the liberalization, International
Excess Baggage shipping the
government has encouraged private sector to increase investment in shipping and
port building operations. Many ports are now being operated by the private
companies. The government wants private companies to build and operate new
ports along the costal line of Indian to increase the trade and create jobs for
growing population .The role of these private companies is increasing in the
foreign trade of India .
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